Abstract: For Beidou satellite external radiation source target positioning, in order to achieve higher positioning accuracy, a considerable amount of data processing is required. 1-bit sampling, compared to high-precision sampling, offers advantages such as lower cost, reduced computational load, and smaller data volume. Therefore, 1-bit sampling is applied to satellite signal processing, and a target positioning scheme using external radiation sources is designed. First, the principle of 1-bit sampling, as well as its performance loss and boundary conditions, are introduced, and it is found that the performance loss is relatively small under low SNR conditions. Then, a scheme is designed for using Beidou satellite signals based on 1-bit sampling as an external radiation source for target localization. The scheme employs direct wave signal reconstruction, matched filtering, and coherent accumulation processing methods to enhance the SNR of the target- scattered echo signals. Digital beamforming technology is utilized to distinguish the target- scattered echoes from the direct waves in terms of azimuth, thereby reducing the impact of the direct waves on the target-scattered echoes. Modeling and simulation of the signal processing procedure are conducted, and the experimental results indicate that although there is a performance loss compared to high-precision sampling, the proposed scheme can detect the target-scattered echo signals after 1-bit sampling and effectively estimate the target’s position and velocity.