空间绳网差时异相展开动力学分析

    Dynamic characteristics of space tethered nets under asynchronous deployment

    • 摘要: 在空间碎片捕获任务中,发射装置与目标的相对位置常呈现非对称的特殊场景,当目标碎片位于发射装置侧向或斜下方时,传统同步发射因固定对称展开轨迹难以适应此类需求,针对此类特殊场景,提出一种基于时序控制的差时异相发射策略,通过分步释放牵引体,结合非对称拉力场调整网口朝向,提升绳网有效覆盖范围。研究采用集中弹簧质点法和Hertz接触理论建立绳网-碎片展开抓捕的动力学模型,结合数学建模工具Matlab与有限元分析软件Abaqus分别进行动力学仿真,对比仿真结果验证动力学建模的正确性,并探究了时序发射方式以及空间绳网发射角度的可行域,为复杂空间相对位姿下的碎片清除提供可编程解决方案。

       

      Abstract: In space debris capture missions, the relative positions between the launch device and the target often present asymmetric special scenarios. When the target debris is located laterally or diagonally below the launch device, traditional synchronous launch methods struggle to adapt due to their fixed symmetric trajectory. To address such special scenarios, this paper proposes a time-delayed asynchronous launch strategy based on sequential control. By progressively releasing the traction units and adjusting the net aperture orientation through an asymmetric force field, the effective coverage area of the net is enhanced. The dynamic model of the net-debris deployment and capture process is established using the lumped mass method and Hertz contact theory. Dynamic simulations are conducted using mathematical modeling tools like Matlab and finite element analysis software Abaqus, with simulation results compared to validate the correctness of the dynamic modeling. Additionally, the feasible domains of sequential launch methods and spatial net launch angles are explored, providing a programmable solution for debris removal under complex spatial relative poses.