室内环境下无人机轨迹规划方法研究

    Research on UAV trajectory planning methods in indoor environments

    • 摘要: 针对室内巡检无人机轨迹规划中存在的轨迹搜索时动力学约束难以兼顾的问题,本文提出一种改进的动力学可行算法,并在其基础上结合轨迹优化方法实现平滑曲线生成。首先,在经典 BIT* 框架下引入动力学约束,通过在搜索阶段嵌入速度与加速度等可行性条件,避免生成不可执行的轨迹片段,从而提升搜索效率与轨迹的可实现性。其次,针对搜索结果存在折线不光滑的问题,本文采用基于样条的轨迹优化方法,将离散路径进一步转化为满足连续高阶导数约束的光滑轨迹,以增强无人机在狭窄空间内的可控性与稳定性。最后,通过构建仿真环境,对所提方法进行验证。实验结果表明,本文方法不仅能够得到满足动力学约束的可行解,还能有效提升轨迹的光滑度与可执行性,为室内巡检无人机的自主飞行提供了一种高效且可靠的路径规划方案。

       

      Abstract: In order to address the difficulty of considering dynamic constraints during trajectory search for indoor inspection UAVs, an improved dynamically feasible algorithm is proposed, and trajectory optimization is further incorporated to generate smooth curves. Dynamic constraints, including velocity and acceleration, are embedded into the BIT* framework to avoid generating infeasible segments and to improve both efficiency and feasibility. To address the nonsmooth nature of the searched paths, a spline-based trajectory optimization method is further applied, transforming discrete paths into smooth trajectories that satisfy higher-order continuity constraints. The proposed approach is validated in a simulation environment. Results demonstrate that feasible and smooth trajectories are obtained, enhancing controllability and stability in narrow spaces, and providing an efficient and reliable solution for autonomous indoor inspection flights.